As you may recall from your study on the psychology of learning, Skinner proposed that we demonstrate consistent behavior patterns because we have developed certain response tendencies . The biological perspective reduces humans to a set of mechanisms and physical structures that are clearly essential and important (e.g., genes). However, it fails to account for consciousness and the influence of the environment on behavior. Therefore, in conclusion, there are so many different perspectives in psychology to explain the different types of behavior and give different angles.
Covert processes are thoughts , feelings or responses which are not easily seen. Subtle changes in bodily processes, for instance, are hidden to the observer‘s eye. The term “response” is a basic one in behavior theory, particularly reflex theory, but its definition is not clear.
The impact of behaviorism was enormous, and this school of thought continued to dominate for the next 50 years. Skinnerfurthered the behaviorist perspective with his concept ofoperant nh craigslist org cars conditioning, which demonstrated the effect of punishment and reinforcement on behavior. Some who support this approach do not believe that the concept of free will …
The third level, love and belonging, is the psychological need to share oneself with others. The fourth level, esteem, focuses on success, status, and accomplishments. The top of the pyramid is self-actualization, in which a person is believed to have reached a state of harmony and understanding.
Cultural-historical psychology is a psychological theory formed by Lev Vygotsky in the late 1920s and further developed by his students and followers in Eastern Europe and worldwide. This theory focuses on how aspects of culture, such as values, beliefs, customs, and skills, are transmitted from one generation to the next. According to Vygotsky, social interaction—especially involvement with knowledgeable community or family members—helps children to acquire the thought processes and behaviors specific to their culture and/or society. The growth that children experience as a result of these interactions differs greatly between cultures; this variance allows children to become competent in tasks that are considered important or necessary in their particular society.
